Crash-utility October 2025

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6 discussions

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1 day, 8 hours

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[PATCH v2] vmcoreinfo: read vmcoreinfo using 'vmcoreinfo_data' when unavailable in elf note

by Aditya Gupta

Few vmcores don't have vmcoreinfo elf note, such as those created using virsh-dump. On architectures such as PowerPC64, vmcoreinfo is mandatory to fetch the first_vmalloc_address, for vmcores of upstream linux, since crash-utility commit: commit 5b24e363a898 ("get vmalloc start address from vmcoreinfo") Try reading from the 'vmcoreinfo_data' symbol instead, if the vmcoreinfo crash tries to read in case of diskdump/netdump is empty/missing. The approach to read 'vmcoreinfo_data' was used for a live kernel, which can be reused in the case of missing vmcoreinfo note also, as the 'vmcoreinfo_data' symbol is available with vmcore too Note though, till GDB interface is not initialised, reading from vmcoreinfo_data symbol is not done, so behaviour is same as previously with no vmcoreinfo (only till GDB interface is not initialised) Hence rename 'vmcoreinfo_read_string' in kernel.c to 'vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory', and use it in netdump.c and diskdump.c too. Reported-by: Anushree Mathur <anushree.mathur(a)linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Anushree Mathur <anushree.mathur(a)linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Aditya Gupta <adityag(a)linux.ibm.com> --- Changelog ========= v2: + rename 'is_vmcoreinfo_empty' to netdump/diskdump variants in netdump.c and diskdump.c respectively --- --- defs.h | 1 + diskdump.c | 18 ++++++++++++++++++ kernel.c | 17 ++++++++++++----- netdump.c | 19 +++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/defs.h b/defs.h index 156ac0232906..d28484ec44f9 100644 --- a/defs.h +++ b/defs.h @@ -6218,6 +6218,7 @@ void dump_kernel_table(int); void dump_bt_info(struct bt_info *, char *where); void dump_log(int); void parse_kernel_version(char *); +char *vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory(const char *); #define LOG_LEVEL(v) ((v) & 0x07) #define SHOW_LOG_LEVEL (0x1) diff --git a/diskdump.c b/diskdump.c index ce3cbb7b12dd..de907551153d 100644 --- a/diskdump.c +++ b/diskdump.c @@ -1041,6 +1041,13 @@ pfn_to_pos(ulong pfn) return desc_pos; } +/** + * Check if vmcoreinfo in vmcore is missing/empty + */ +static bool is_diskdump_vmcoreinfo_empty(void) +{ + return (dd->sub_header_kdump->size_vmcoreinfo == 0); +} /* * Determine whether a file is a diskdump creation, and if TRUE, @@ -1088,6 +1095,17 @@ is_diskdump(char *file) pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_string; + /* + * vmcoreinfo can be empty in case of dump collected via virsh-dump + * + * check if vmcoreinfo is not available in vmcore, and try to read + * the vmcoreinfo from memory, using "vmcoreinfo_data" symbol + */ + if (is_diskdump_vmcoreinfo_empty()) { + error(WARNING, "vmcoreinfo is empty, will read from symbols\n"); + pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory; + } + if ((pc->flags2 & GET_LOG) && KDUMP_CMPRS_VALID()) { pc->dfd = dd->dfd; pc->readmem = read_diskdump; diff --git a/kernel.c b/kernel.c index e4213d7a663e..0e17874c503c 100644 --- a/kernel.c +++ b/kernel.c @@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ static ulong dump_audit_skb_queue(ulong); static ulong __dump_audit(char *); static void dump_audit(void); static void dump_printk_safe_seq_buf(int); -static char *vmcoreinfo_read_string(const char *); static void check_vmcoreinfo(void); static int is_pvops_xen(void); static int get_linux_banner_from_vmlinux(char *, size_t); @@ -11892,8 +11891,8 @@ dump_printk_safe_seq_buf(int msg_flags) * Returns a string (that has to be freed by the caller) that contains the * value for key or NULL if the key has not been found. */ -static char * -vmcoreinfo_read_string(const char *key) +char * +vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory(const char *key) { char *buf, *value_string, *p1, *p2; size_t value_length; @@ -11903,6 +11902,14 @@ vmcoreinfo_read_string(const char *key) buf = value_string = NULL; + if (!(pc->flags & GDB_INIT)) { + /* + * GDB interface hasn't been initialised yet, so can't + * access vmcoreinfo_data + */ + return NULL; + } + switch (get_symbol_type("vmcoreinfo_data", NULL, NULL)) { case TYPE_CODE_PTR: @@ -11958,10 +11965,10 @@ check_vmcoreinfo(void) switch (get_symbol_type("vmcoreinfo_data", NULL, NULL)) { case TYPE_CODE_PTR: - pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_string; + pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory; break; case TYPE_CODE_ARRAY: - pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_string; + pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory; break; } } diff --git a/netdump.c b/netdump.c index c7ff009e7f90..69100a92e067 100644 --- a/netdump.c +++ b/netdump.c @@ -111,6 +111,14 @@ map_cpus_to_prstatus(void) FREEBUF(nt_ptr); } +/** + * Check if vmcoreinfo in vmcore is missing/empty + */ +static bool is_netdump_vmcoreinfo_empty(void) +{ + return (nd->size_vmcoreinfo == 0); +} + /* * Determine whether a file is a netdump/diskdump/kdump creation, * and if TRUE, initialize the vmcore_data structure. @@ -464,6 +472,17 @@ is_netdump(char *file, ulong source_query) pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_string; + /* + * vmcoreinfo can be empty in case of dump collected via virsh-dump + * + * check if vmcoreinfo is not available in vmcore, and try to read + * the vmcoreinfo from memory, using "vmcoreinfo_data" symbol + */ + if (is_netdump_vmcoreinfo_empty()) { + error(WARNING, "vmcoreinfo is empty, will read from symbols\n"); + pc->read_vmcoreinfo = vmcoreinfo_read_from_memory; + } + if ((source_query == KDUMP_LOCAL) && (pc->flags2 & GET_OSRELEASE)) kdump_get_osrelease(); -- 2.50.1

1 day, 14 hours

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[PATCH 1/v2] Fix "mount <address>"

by Aureau, Georges (Kernel Tools ERT)

[PATCH 1/v2] Fix "mount <address>" The command "mount <address>" is failing on kernels without "super_block.s_files": crash> mount ff35d61d80200000 mount: the super_block.s_files linked list does not exist in this kernel mount: -f option not supported or applicable on this architecture or kernel The MOUNT_PRINT_FILES flags should only be passed when "super_block.s_files" is available. Signed-off-by: Georges Aureau <georges.aureau(a)hpe.com> -- diff --git a/filesys.c b/filesys.c index 8d13807..b4d4f02 100644 --- a/filesys.c +++ b/filesys.c @@ -1296,7 +1296,7 @@ cmd_mount(void) * through it for each search argument entered. */ open_tmpfile(); - show_mounts(0, MOUNT_PRINT_FILES | + show_mounts(0, (VALID_MEMBER(super_block_s_files) ? MOUNT_PRINT_FILES : 0) | (VALID_MEMBER(super_block_s_dirty) ? MOUNT_PRINT_INODES : 0), namespace_context);

1 day, 21 hours

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[PATCH 2/v2] Fix "mount" MNT_CURSOR (kernels 5.8-6.7)

by Aureau, Georges (Kernel Tools ERT)

[PATCH 2/v2] Fix "mount" MNT_CURSOR (kernels 5.8-6.7): Fix "mount" MNT_CURSOR entries (kernels 5.8-6.7): crash> mount > mount.out WARNING: cannot get super_block from vfsmnt: 0xff35d65eb1cc1820 crash> struct mount.mnt.mnt_sb,mnt.mnt_flags -x 0xff35d65eb1cc1820 mnt.mnt_sb = 0x0, mnt.mnt_flags = 0x10000000, When crashing with running "findmnt" commands, the mount list will have entries with mnt.mnt_flags==MNT_CURSOR (and mnt.mnt_sb==NULL). Such entries should be skipped without errors. Signed-off-by: Georges Aureau <georges.aureau(a)hpe.com> -- defs.h | 2 ++ filesys.c | 15 +++++++++++++++ symbols.c | 4 ++++ 3 files changed, 21 insertions(+) diff --git a/defs.h b/defs.h index 156ac02..3fd7d89 100644 --- a/defs.h +++ b/defs.h @@ -2274,6 +2274,8 @@ struct offset_table { /* stash of commonly-used offsets */ long request_queue_tag_set; long blk_mq_tag_set_flags; long blk_mq_tag_set_shared_tags; + long vfsmount_mnt_flags; + long proc_mounts_cursor; }; struct size_table { /* stash of commonly-used sizes */ diff --git a/filesys.c b/filesys.c index 8d13807..1f8803d 100644 --- a/filesys.c +++ b/filesys.c @@ -1367,6 +1367,10 @@ cmd_mount(void) close_tmpfile(); } +/* For kernels 5.8-6.7, we're skipping show mount cursor entries. + */ +#define MNT_CURSOR 0x10000000 + /* * Do the work for cmd_mount(); */ @@ -1492,6 +1496,15 @@ show_mounts(ulong one_vfsmount, int flags, struct task_context *namespace_contex sbp = ULONG(vfsmount_buf + OFFSET(vfsmount_mnt_sb)); if (!IS_KVADDR(sbp)) { + if (sbp == 0 && VALID_MEMBER(proc_mounts_cursor) && + VALID_MEMBER(vfsmount_mnt_flags)) { + int mnt_flags = INT(vfsmount_buf + OFFSET(vfsmount_mnt_flags)); + if (mnt_flags == MNT_CURSOR) { + if (CRASHDEBUG(1)) + fprintf(stderr,"skipped cursor vfsmnt: 0x%lx\n", *vfsmnt); + continue; + } + } error(WARNING, "cannot get super_block from vfsmnt: 0x%lx\n", *vfsmnt); continue; } @@ -2081,6 +2094,8 @@ vfs_init(void) if (INVALID_MEMBER(vfsmount_mnt_devname)) MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(mount_mnt_mountpoint, "mount", "mnt_mountpoint"); + MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(vfsmount_mnt_flags, "vfsmount", "mnt_flags"); + MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(proc_mounts_cursor, "proc_mounts", "cursor"); MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(mount_mnt, "mount", "mnt"); MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(namespace_root, "namespace", "root"); MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(task_struct_nsproxy, "task_struct", "nsproxy"); diff --git a/symbols.c b/symbols.c index 112bcc6..fd91c2e 100644 --- a/symbols.c +++ b/symbols.c @@ -10691,6 +10691,10 @@ dump_offset_table(char *spec, ulong makestruct) OFFSET(vfsmount_mnt_mountpoint)); fprintf(fp, " vfsmount_mnt_parent: %ld\n", OFFSET(vfsmount_mnt_parent)); + fprintf(fp, " vfsmount_mnt_flags: %ld\n", + OFFSET(vfsmount_mnt_flags)); + fprintf(fp, " proc_mounts_cursor: %ld\n", + OFFSET(proc_mounts_cursor)); fprintf(fp, " mount_mnt_parent: %ld\n", OFFSET(mount_mnt_parent)); fprintf(fp, " mount_mnt_mountpoint: %ld\n",

1 day, 21 hours

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2 days, 8 hours

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[PATCH] help: Add 'help -l' to show memory layout

by Rongwei Wang

From: Rongwei Wang <rongwei.wrw(a)gmail.com> 'help -m' can show most of variables which relates to memory layout, e.g. userspace_top, page_offset, vmalloc_start_addr, etc. They aren't a visual way to show a memory layout for kernel space. This patch provides 'help -l' to show memory layout, usage likes: crash> help -l Gap Hole: 0xffffffffff7ff001 - 0xffffffffffffffff Size: 8.0 MB Fixmap Area: 0xffffffffff578000 - 0xffffffffff7ff000 Size: 2.5 MB Gap Hole: 0xffffffffff000001 - 0xffffffffff577fff Size: 5.5 MB Module Area: 0xffffffffa0000000 - 0xffffffffff000000 Size: 1.5 GB Gap Hole: 0xffffffff84826001 - 0xffffffff9fffffff Size: 439.9 MB Kernel Image: 0xffffffff81000000 - 0xffffffff84826000 Size: 56.1 MB Gap Hole: 0xffffeb0000000000 - 0xffffffff80ffffff Size: 21.0 TB Vmemmap Area: 0xffffea0000000000 - 0xffffeaffffffffff Size: 1.0 TB Gap Hole: 0xffffe90000000000 - 0xffffe9ffffffffff Size: 1.0 TB Vmalloc Area: 0xffffc90000000000 - 0xffffe8ffffffffff Size: 32.0 TB Gap Hole: 0xffffc88000000000 - 0xffffc8ffffffffff Size: 512.0 GB Linear Mapping: 0xffff888000000000 - 0xffffc87fffffffff Size: 64.0 TB Linear Gap: 0xffff800000000000 - 0xffff887fffffffff Size: 8.5 TB Gap Hole: 0x0000800000000000 - 0xffff7fffffffffff Size: 16776960.0 TB User Space: 0x0000000000000000 - 0x00007fffffffffff Size: 128.0 TB Signed-off-by: Rongwei Wang <rongwei.wrw(a)gmail.com> --- defs.h | 14 +++- help.c | 7 +- memory.c | 11 +++ x86_64.c | 236 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 266 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/defs.h b/defs.h index 4fecb83..a3f00d5 100644 --- a/defs.h +++ b/defs.h @@ -4100,12 +4100,23 @@ typedef signed int s32; #define __PHYSICAL_MASK_SHIFT_5LEVEL 52 #define __PHYSICAL_MASK_SHIFT (machdep->machspec->physical_mask_shift) #define __PHYSICAL_MASK ((1UL << __PHYSICAL_MASK_SHIFT) - 1) -#define __VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT 48 +#define __VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT 47 #define __VIRTUAL_MASK ((1UL << __VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT) - 1) #define PAGE_SHIFT 12 #define PAGE_SIZE (1UL << PAGE_SHIFT) #define PHYSICAL_PAGE_MASK (~(PAGE_SIZE-1) & __PHYSICAL_MASK ) + +#define KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET 0xdffffc0000000000 +#define KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT 3 + +#define KASAN_SHADOW_START (KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET + \ + ((-1UL << __VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT) >> \ + KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT)) +#define KASAN_SHADOW_END (KASAN_SHADOW_START + \ + (1ULL << (__VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT - \ + KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT))) + #define _PAGE_BIT_NX 63 #define _PAGE_PRESENT 0x001 #define _PAGE_RW 0x002 @@ -5911,6 +5922,7 @@ int phys_to_page(physaddr_t, ulong *); int generic_get_kvaddr_ranges(struct vaddr_range *); int l1_cache_size(void); int dumpfile_memory(int); +void dump_memory_layout(void); #define DUMPFILE_MEM_USED (1) #define DUMPFILE_FREE_MEM (2) #define DUMPFILE_MEM_DUMP (3) diff --git a/help.c b/help.c index 5d61e0d..cd54744 100644 --- a/help.c +++ b/help.c @@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ cmd_help(void) oflag = 0; while ((c = getopt(argcnt, args, - "efNDdmM:ngcaBbHhkKsvVoptTzLOr")) != EOF) { + "efNDdmM:ngcaBbHhkKsvVoptTzLOrl")) != EOF) { switch(c) { case 'e': @@ -666,6 +666,7 @@ cmd_help(void) fprintf(fp, " -v - vm_table\n"); fprintf(fp, " -V - vm_table (verbose)\n"); fprintf(fp, " -z - help options\n"); + fprintf(fp, " -l - show memory layout\n"); return; case 'L': @@ -676,6 +677,10 @@ cmd_help(void) dump_registers(); return; + case 'l': + dump_memory_layout(); + return; + default: argerrs++; break; diff --git a/memory.c b/memory.c index 400d31a..55ed2f1 100644 --- a/memory.c +++ b/memory.c @@ -17657,6 +17657,17 @@ dumpfile_memory(int cmd) return retval; } +#ifdef X86_64 +extern void x86_64_dump_memory_layout(void); +#endif + +void dump_memory_layout(void) +{ +#ifdef X86_64 + x86_64_dump_memory_layout(); +#endif +} + /* * Functions for sparse mem support */ diff --git a/x86_64.c b/x86_64.c index d7da536..bfb53b4 100644 --- a/x86_64.c +++ b/x86_64.c @@ -1151,6 +1151,242 @@ x86_64_dump_machdep_table(ulong arg) fprintf(fp, "excpetion_functions_orig\n"); } +#define MAX_LAYOUT 32 +struct mem_segment { + char name[64]; + char desc[64]; + unsigned long start; + unsigned long end; +}; + +struct mem_layout { + int count; + struct mem_segment segs[MAX_LAYOUT]; +}; + +char* format_bytes(unsigned long bytes, char* buffer, int buffer_size) +{ + const char* units[] = {"B", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB"}; + int i = 0; + double readable_size = (double)bytes; + + /* Handle the edge case of zero bytes */ + if (bytes == 0) { + snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "0 B"); + return buffer; + } + + /* Handle negative values if necessary, though size is typically non-negative */ + if (bytes < 0) { + snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "Invalid size"); + return buffer; + } + + while (readable_size >= 1024 && i < (sizeof(units) / sizeof(units[0]) - 1)) { + readable_size /= 1024; + i++; + } + + memset(buffer, '\0', buffer_size); + snprintf(buffer, buffer_size, "%.1f %s", readable_size, units[i]); + + return buffer; +} + +int compare_segments(const void *a, const void *b) +{ + const struct mem_segment *seg_a = (const struct mem_segment *)a; + const struct mem_segment *seg_b = (const struct mem_segment *)b; + + if (seg_a->start > seg_b->start) return -1; + if (seg_a->start < seg_b->start) return 1; + return 0; +} + +void print_layout(struct mem_layout *layout) +{ + struct mem_segment *segs = layout->segs; + struct mem_segment seg; + int i; + + if (layout == NULL) + return; + + for (i=0; i<layout->count; i++) { + seg = segs[i]; + + fprintf(fp, "%s:\t 0x%016lx - 0x%016lx\t Size: %s\n", seg.name, seg.start, + seg.end, seg.desc); + } +} + +#define __round_mask(x, y) ((__typeof__(x))((y)-1)) +#define round_up(x, y) ((((x)-1) | __round_mask(x, y))+1) +#define round_down(x, y) ((x) & ~__round_mask(x, y)) + +/* + * memory layout: + * + * Gap Area: 0xffffffffff7ff001 - 0xffffffffffffffff Size: 8.0 MB + * Fixmap Area: 0xffffffffff578000 - 0xffffffffff7ff000 Size: 2.5 MB + * Gap Area: 0xffffffffff000001 - 0xffffffffff577fff Size: 5.5 MB + * Module Area: 0xffffffffa0000000 - 0xffffffffff000000 Size: 1.5 GB + * Gap Area: 0xffffffff84826001 - 0xffffffff9fffffff Size: 439.9 MB + * Kernel Image: 0xffffffff81000000 - 0xffffffff84826000 Size: 56.1 MB + * Gap Area: 0xffffeb0000000000 - 0xffffffff80ffffff Size: 21.0 TB + * Vmemmap Area: 0xffffea0000000000 - 0xffffeaffffffffff Size: 1.0 TB + * Gap Area: 0xffffe90000000000 - 0xffffe9ffffffffff Size: 1.0 TB + * Vmalloc Area: 0xffffc90000000000 - 0xffffe8ffffffffff Size: 32.0 TB + * Gap Area: 0xffffc88000000000 - 0xffffc8ffffffffff Size: 512.0 GB + * Linear Mapping: 0xffff888000000000 - 0xffffc87fffffffff Size: 64.0 TB + * Linear Gap: 0xffff800000000000 - 0xffff887fffffffff Size: 8.5 TB + * Gap Area: 0x0000800000000000 - 0xffff7fffffffffff Size:16776960.0 TB + * User Space: 0x0000000000000000 - 0x00007fffffffffff Size: 128.0 TB + * + * kernel space: + * _end, _text + * vmemmap_end: ms->vmemmap_end + * vmemmap_vaddr: ms->vmemmap_vaddr + * vmalloc_end: ms->vmalloc_end + * vmalloc_start_addr: ms->vmalloc_start_addr + * page_offset_base: ms->page_offset + * + * user space: + * userspace_top: ms->userspace_top + * + */ +void x86_64_dump_memory_layout(void) +{ + struct mem_layout *layout = NULL; + ulong text_start, text_end; + struct machine_specific *ms = machdep->machspec; + int i, next_idx; + char size_buf[20]; + long value = 0; + + layout = malloc(sizeof(struct mem_layout)); + if (layout == NULL || layout->count == 0) { + printf("Layout is empty, nothing to print.\n"); + return; + } + + /* Create a temporary copy to sort for printing, preserving the original order. */ + struct mem_segment *segments = layout->segs; + if(!segments) { + perror("Failed to allocate memory for sorting"); + return; + } + + if (!symbol_exists("_text")) + return; + else + text_start = symbol_value("_text"); + + if (!symbol_exists("_end")) + return; + else + text_end = symbol_value("_end"); + + snprintf(segments[0].name, 64, "Kernel Image"); + snprintf(segments[0].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(text_end - text_start + 1, size_buf, 20)); + segments[0].start = text_start; + segments[0].end = text_end; + + snprintf(segments[1].name, 64, "Vmemmap Area"); + snprintf(segments[1].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(ms->vmemmap_end - ms->vmemmap_vaddr + 1, size_buf, 20)); + segments[1].start = (ulong)ms->vmemmap_vaddr; + segments[1].end = (ulong)ms->vmemmap_end; + + snprintf(segments[2].name, 64, "Module Area"); + snprintf(segments[2].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(ms->modules_end - ms->modules_vaddr + 1, size_buf, 20)); + segments[2].start = (ulong)ms->modules_vaddr; + segments[2].end = (ulong)ms->modules_end; + + snprintf(segments[3].name, 64, "Vmalloc Area"); + snprintf(segments[3].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(ms->vmalloc_end - ms->vmalloc_start_addr + 1, size_buf, 20)); + segments[3].start = (ulong)ms->vmalloc_start_addr; + segments[3].end = (ulong)ms->vmalloc_end; + + snprintf(segments[4].name, 64, "Linear Mapping"); + segments[4].start = (ulong)ms->page_offset; + segments[4].end = (ulong)ms->page_offset + (1UL << machdep->max_physmem_bits) - 1; + snprintf(segments[4].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(1UL << machdep->max_physmem_bits, size_buf, 20)); + + snprintf(segments[5].name, 64, "User Space"); + snprintf(segments[5].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes((ulong)ms->userspace_top, size_buf, 20)); + segments[5].start = 0UL; + segments[5].end = (ulong)ms->userspace_top - 1; + + snprintf(segments[6].name, 64, "Linear Gap"); + segments[6].start = -1UL - (1UL << __VIRTUAL_MASK_SHIFT) + 1; + segments[6].end = (ulong)ms->page_offset - 1; + snprintf(segments[6].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(segments[6].end - segments[6].start + 1, size_buf, 20)); + + layout->count = 7; + if (kernel_symbol_exists("kasan_init")) { + snprintf(segments[7].name, 64, "KASAN"); + segments[7].start = KASAN_SHADOW_START; + segments[7].end = KASAN_SHADOW_END; + snprintf(segments[7].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(segments[7].end - segments[7].start + 1, size_buf, 20)); + layout->count++; + } + + if (enumerator_value("__end_of_permanent_fixed_addresses", &value)) { + unsigned fixaddr_size = 0; + int idx = layout->count; + + fixaddr_size = value << PAGE_SHIFT; + + snprintf(segments[7].name, 64, "Fixmap Area"); + segments[idx].end = round_up(VSYSCALL_START + PAGE_SIZE, 1 << PMD_SHIFT) - PAGE_SIZE; + segments[idx].start = segments[idx].end - fixaddr_size; + + snprintf(segments[idx].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(segments[idx].end - segments[idx].start + 1, size_buf, 20)); + layout->count++; + } + + /* Sort segments from highest address to lowest. */ + qsort(segments, layout->count, sizeof(struct mem_segment), compare_segments); + + next_idx = layout->count; + /* Insert gap area */ + for (i=0; i<layout->count; i++) { + unsigned long prev_start; + unsigned long end = segments[i].end; + + if (i == 0) + prev_start = -1UL; + else + prev_start = segments[i-1].start; + + if (prev_start == (end + 1)) + continue; + + snprintf(segments[next_idx].name, 64, "Gap Hole"); + segments[next_idx].start = end + 1; + segments[next_idx].end = (i == 0) ? prev_start : prev_start - 1; + snprintf(segments[next_idx].desc, 64, "%s", + format_bytes(segments[next_idx].end - segments[next_idx].start + 1, size_buf, 20)); + + next_idx++; + } + + layout->count = next_idx; + qsort(segments, layout->count, sizeof(struct mem_segment), compare_segments); + + print_layout(layout); + free(layout); +} + /* * Gather the cpu_pda array info, updating any smp-related items that * were possibly bypassed or improperly initialized in kernel_init(). -- 2.43.5

2 days, 16 hours

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Crash-utility October 2025