Hello, On x86_64, with rhel 9.3, there are cases where "crash" can't handle IRQ exception frames properly. For example, "crash" fails with "WARNING: possibly bogus exception frame": crash> bt -c 30 PID: 2898241 TASK: ff4cb0ce0da0c680 CPU: 30 COMMAND: "star-ccm+" #0 [fffffe4658d88e58] crash_nmi_callback at ffffffffa00675e8 #1 [fffffe4658d88e68] nmi_handle at ffffffffa002ebab #2 [fffffe4658d88eb0] default_do_nmi at ffffffffa0c56cd0 #3 [fffffe4658d88ed0] exc_nmi at ffffffffa0c56ee1 #4 [fffffe4658d88ef0] end_repeat_nmi at ffffffffa0e01639 [exception RIP: native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath+636] RIP: ffffffffa0c6b80c RSP: ff5eba269937ce10 RFLAGS: 00000046 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ff4cb12bcfbb2940 RCX: 00000000007c0000 RDX: 0000000000000057 RSI: 0000000001600000 RDI: ff4cb12d67205608 RBP: ff4cb12d67205608 R8: ff90b9c682475940 R9: 0000000000000000 R10: ff4cb0d70ee4e100 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 000000000000001e R14: ff90b9c682474918 R15: ff90b9c682477120 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff CS: 0010 SS: 0018 --- <NMI exception stack> --- #5 [ff5eba269937ce10] native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath at ffffffffa0c6b80c #6 [ff5eba269937ce30] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave at ffffffffa0c6ad90 #7 [ff5eba269937ce40] free_iova at ffffffffa07df716 #8 [ff5eba269937ce68] fq_ring_free at ffffffffa07dba15 #9 [ff5eba269937ce98] fq_flush_timeout at ffffffffa07dc8fe #10 [ff5eba269937ced0] call_timer_fn at ffffffffa01c00a4 #11 [ff5eba269937cef0] __run_timers at ffffffffa01c03ae #12 [ff5eba269937cf88] run_timer_softirq at ffffffffa01c0476 #13 [ff5eba269937cf90] __do_softirq at ffffffffa0c6c007 #14 [ff5eba269937cfe0] __irq_exit_rcu at ffffffffa010ef61 #15 [ff5eba269937cff0] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt at ffffffffa0c58ca2 --- <IRQ stack> --- RIP: 0000000000000010 RSP: 0000000000000018 RFLAGS: ff5eba26ddc9f7e8 RAX: 0000000000000a20 RBX: ff5eba26ddc9f940 RCX: 0000000000001000 RDX: ffffffb559980000 RSI: ff4cb12d67207400 RDI: ffffffffffffffff RBP: 0000000000001000 R8: ff5eba26ddc9f940 R9: ff5eba26ddc9f8af R10: 0000000000000003 R11: 0000000000000a20 R12: ff5eba26ddc9f8b0 R13: 000000283c07f000 R14: ff4cb0f5a29a1c00 R15: 0000000000000001 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffa07c4e60 CS: 0206 SS: 7000001cf0380001 bt: WARNING: possibly bogus exception frame Running "crash" with "--machdep irq_eframe_link=0xffffffffffffffe8" (ie. thus irq_eframe_link = -24) works properly: PID: 2898241 TASK: ff4cb0ce0da0c680 CPU: 30 COMMAND: "star-ccm+" #0 [fffffe4658d88e58] crash_nmi_callback at ffffffffa00675e8 #1 [fffffe4658d88e68] nmi_handle at ffffffffa002ebab #2 [fffffe4658d88eb0] default_do_nmi at ffffffffa0c56cd0 #3 [fffffe4658d88ed0] exc_nmi at ffffffffa0c56ee1 #4 [fffffe4658d88ef0] end_repeat_nmi at ffffffffa0e01639 [exception RIP: native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath+636] RIP: ffffffffa0c6b80c RSP: ff5eba269937ce10 RFLAGS: 00000046 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ff4cb12bcfbb2940 RCX: 00000000007c0000 RDX: 0000000000000057 RSI: 0000000001600000 RDI: ff4cb12d67205608 RBP: ff4cb12d67205608 R8: ff90b9c682475940 R9: 0000000000000000 R10: ff4cb0d70ee4e100 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 000000000000001e R14: ff90b9c682474918 R15: ff90b9c682477120 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff CS: 0010 SS: 0018 --- <NMI exception stack> --- #5 [ff5eba269937ce10] native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath at ffffffffa0c6b80c #6 [ff5eba269937ce30] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave at ffffffffa0c6ad90 #7 [ff5eba269937ce40] free_iova at ffffffffa07df716 #8 [ff5eba269937ce68] fq_ring_free at ffffffffa07dba15 #9 [ff5eba269937ce98] fq_flush_timeout at ffffffffa07dc8fe #10 [ff5eba269937ced0] call_timer_fn at ffffffffa01c00a4 #11 [ff5eba269937cef0] __run_timers at ffffffffa01c03ae #12 [ff5eba269937cf88] run_timer_softirq at ffffffffa01c0476 #13 [ff5eba269937cf90] __do_softirq at ffffffffa0c6c007 #14 [ff5eba269937cfe0] __irq_exit_rcu at ffffffffa010ef61 #15 [ff5eba269937cff0] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt at ffffffffa0c58ca2 --- <IRQ stack> --- #16 [ff5eba26ddc9f738] asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt at ffffffffa0e00e06 [exception RIP: alloc_pte.constprop.0+32] RIP: ffffffffa07c4e60 RSP: ff5eba26ddc9f7e8 RFLAGS: 00000206 RAX: ff5eba26ddc9f940 RBX: 0000000000001000 RCX: 0000000000000a20 RDX: 0000000000001000 RSI: ffffffb559980000 RDI: ff4cb12d67207400 RBP: ff5eba26ddc9f8b0 R8: ff5eba26ddc9f8af R9: 0000000000000003 R10: 0000000000000a20 R11: ff5eba26ddc9f940 R12: 000000283c07f000 R13: ff4cb0f5a29a1c00 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: ff4cb0f5a29a1bf8 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff CS: 0010 SS: 0018 #17 [ff5eba26ddc9f830] iommu_v1_map_pages at ffffffffa07c5648 #18 [ff5eba26ddc9f8f8] __iommu_map at ffffffffa07d7803 #19 [ff5eba26ddc9f990] iommu_map_sg at ffffffffa07d7b71 #20 [ff5eba26ddc9f9f0] iommu_dma_map_sg at ffffffffa07ddcc9 #21 [ff5eba26ddc9fa90] __dma_map_sg_attrs at ffffffffa01b5205 #22 [ff5eba26ddc9fa98] dma_map_sgtable at ffffffffa01b526d #23 [ff5eba26ddc9faa8] ib_umem_get at ffffffffc112f308 [ib_uverbs] #24 [ff5eba26ddc9fb00] mlx5_ib_reg_user_mr at ffffffffc11eb991 [mlx5_ib] #25 [ff5eba26ddc9fb40] ib_uverbs_reg_mr at ffffffffc1123bc4 [ib_uverbs] #26 [ff5eba26ddc9fbb0] ib_uverbs_handler_UVERBS_METHOD_INVOKE_WRITE at ffffffffc112d064 [ib_uverbs] #27 [ff5eba26ddc9fbe0] ib_uverbs_run_method at ffffffffc112a121 [ib_uverbs] #28 [ff5eba26ddc9fc30] ib_uverbs_cmd_verbs at ffffffffc112a332 [ib_uverbs] #29 [ff5eba26ddc9fe68] ib_uverbs_ioctl at ffffffffc112a494 [ib_uverbs] #30 [ff5eba26ddc9fea8] __x64_sys_ioctl at ffffffffa0438f67 #31 [ff5eba26ddc9fed8] do_syscall_64 at ffffffffa0c55189 #32 [ff5eba26ddc9ff50] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe at ffffffffa0e000ea RIP: 0000146ef3a3ec6b RSP: 00007ffe3b7dc5b8 RFLAGS: 00000246 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007ffe3b7dc6a8 RCX: 0000146ef3a3ec6b RDX: 00007ffe3b7dc690 RSI: 00000000c0181b01 RDI: 0000000000000011 RBP: 00007ffe3b7dc670 R8: 0000146ed9549010 R9: 00007ffe3b7dc7c4 R10: 0000000000000009 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 00007ffe3b7dc7c4 R13: 000000000000000c R14: 000000000000000c R15: 0000146ed9549150 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000010 CS: 0033 SS: 002b Some background: asm_common_interrupt: callq error_entry movq %rax,%rsp movq %rsp,%rdi movq 0x78(%rsp),%rsi movq $-0x1,0x78(%rsp) call common_interrupt # rsp pointing to regs common_interrupt pushq %r12 pushq %rbp pushq %rbx [...] movq hardirq_stack_ptr,%r11 movq %rsp,(%r11) movq %r11,%rsp [...] call __common_interrupt # rip:common_interrupt So frame_size(rip:common_interrupt) = 32 (3 push + ret). Hence "machdep->machspec->irq_eframe_link = -32;" (see x86_64_irq_eframe_link_init()). Now: asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt: pushq $-0x1 callq error_entry movq %rax,%rsp movq %rsp,%rdi callq sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt pushq %r12 pushq %rbp [...] movq hardirq_stack_ptr,%r11 movq %rsp,(%r11) movq %r11,%rsp [...] call __sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt # rip:sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt Here frame_size(rip:sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt) = 24 (2 push + ret) We should also notice that: rip = *(hardirq_stack_ptr - 8) rsp = *(hardirq_stack_ptr) regs = rsp - frame_size(rip) But x86_64_get_framesize() does not work with IRQ handlers (returns 0). So not many options other than hardcoding the most likely value and looking around it. Actually x86_64_irq_eframe_link() was trying -32 (default), and then -40, but not -24 ! Signed-off-by: Georges Aureau <georges.aureau(a)hpe.com&gt; -- diff --git a/x86_64.c b/x86_64.c index aec82b0..90c2a91 100644 --- a/x86_64.c +++ b/x86_64.c @@ -6623,13 +6623,14 @@ x86_64_irq_eframe_link_init(void) /* * Calculate and verify the IRQ exception frame location from the - * stack reference at the top of the IRQ stack, possibly adjusting - * the ms->irq_eframe_link value. + * stack reference at the top of the IRQ stack, keep ms->irq_eframe_link + * as the most likely value, and try a few sizes around it. */ static ulong x86_64_irq_eframe_link(ulong stkref, struct bt_info *bt, FILE *ofp) { ulong irq_eframe; + int i, try[] = { 8, -8, 16, -16 }; if (x86_64_exception_frame(EFRAME_VERIFY, stkref, 0, bt, ofp)) return stkref; @@ -6639,9 +6640,10 @@ x86_64_irq_eframe_link(ulong stkref, struct bt_info *bt, FILE *ofp) if (x86_64_exception_frame(EFRAME_VERIFY, irq_eframe, 0, bt, ofp)) return irq_eframe; - if (x86_64_exception_frame(EFRAME_VERIFY, irq_eframe+8, 0, bt, ofp)) { - machdep->machspec->irq_eframe_link -= 8; - return (irq_eframe + 8); + for (i=0; i<sizeof(try)/sizeof(int); i++) { + if (x86_64_exception_frame(EFRAME_VERIFY, irq_eframe+try[i], 0, bt, ofp)) { + return (irq_eframe + try[i]); + } } return irq_eframe;