Decoding Consumer Minds: Fresh Ideas for Marketing Research Papers
by kefag22407＠haotuwu.com
Marketing is no longer just about selling — it’s about understanding why people buy, share, and stay loyal. Research papers in marketing can dive into fascinating areas like consumer psychology, digital engagement, and emotional branding. Exploring topics such as the impact of social media influencers on brand perception, consumer trust in AI-driven recommendations, or sustainability as a driver of purchase intent can help uncover what really shapes modern consumer decisions.
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3 weeks, 1 day
[PATCH] Fix external command output not redirected to pipe
by neilfsun
When executing external commands (cat, etc.) with pipes,
the command output was not properly redirected to the pipe.
crash> cat /tmp/testfile
line1
line2
line3
crash> cat /tmp/testfile | head -1
line1
line2
line3
crash>
Signed-off-by: neilfsun <neilfsun(a)tencent.com>
Signed-off-by: Feng Sun <loyou85(a)gmail.com>
---
main.c | 17 +++++++++++++++--
1 file changed, 15 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/main.c b/main.c
index 71bcc15..95d455a 100644
--- a/main.c
+++ b/main.c
@@ -1034,6 +1034,8 @@ is_external_command(void)
int i;
char *cmd;
char command[BUFSIZE];
+ FILE *pipe;
+ char buf[BUFSIZE];
cmd = args[0];
@@ -1057,8 +1059,19 @@ is_external_command(void)
else
strcat(command, args[i]);
}
- if (system(command) == -1)
- perror(command);
+
+ if (pc->redirect & REDIRECT_TO_PIPE) {
+ if ((pipe = popen(command, "r")) == NULL) {
+ error(INFO, "cannot execute: %s\n", command);
+ return TRUE;
+ }
+ while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZE, pipe))
+ fputs(buf, fp);
+ pclose(pipe);
+ } else {
+ if (system(command) == -1)
+ perror(command);
+ }
return TRUE;
}
--
2.50.1
5 months, 3 weeks
[PATCH] Fix dis -lr xxx+0x1 not showing target address instruction
by neilfsun
When using "dis -lr xxx+0x1", it is not correctly shown, for example:
crash> dis -lr rb_next+0x1
/kernel/lib/rbtree.c: 445
0xffffffff8133ff60 <rb_next>: push %rbp
However, dis -lr rb+next+0x4 is correctly shown,
crash> dis -lr rb_next+0x4
/kernel/lib/rbtree.c: 445
0xffffffff8133ff60 <rb_next>: push %rbp
/kernel/lib/rbtree.c: 448
0xffffffff8133ff61 <rb_next+0x1>: mov (%rdi),%rdx
/kernel/lib/rbtree.c: 445
0xffffffff8133ff64 <rb_next+0x4>: mov %rsp,%rbp
The reverse mode only disassembled (target - function_start) bytes, which
was insufficient to reach the target instruction.
Signed-off-by: neilfsun <neilfsun(a)tencent.com>
Signed-off-by: Feng Sun <loyou85(a)gmail.com>
---
kernel.c | 2 +-
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/kernel.c b/kernel.c
index bb148d0..93ea7a6 100644
--- a/kernel.c
+++ b/kernel.c
@@ -2120,7 +2120,7 @@ cmd_dis(void)
if (reverse)
sprintf(buf5, "x/%ldi 0x%lx",
- (target - req->addr) ? target - req->addr : 1,
+ req->addr2 - req->addr,
req->addr);
else
sprintf(buf5, "x/%ldi 0x%lx",
--
2.50.1
6 months
[PATCH RFC] sys: Display livepatch transition status in KERNEL line
by Motomasa Suzuki
This commit enhances the 'sys' command to show if a kernel livepatch is
currently in a transition phase, directly within the KERNEL output line.
Currently, diagnosing system state during or immediately after livepatch
operations can be ambiguous. While 'livepatch' is indicated by
'[LIVEPATCH]', there's no direct indicator within 'crash' itself to show
if a livepatch is actively applying, reverting, or in some other
transient state. This lack of immediate visibility can complicate crash
analysis, as the system might be in an inconsistent state due to an
ongoing patch application/reversion.
This change introduces a new '[TRANSITION]' flag which appears next to
'[LIVEPATCH]' and '[TAINTED]' in the 'sys' command output. This flag is
set if the livepatch subsystem indicates an in-progress transition
(e.g., as exposed via '/sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch_name>/transition').
Example 'sys' output with this change:
KERNEL: /usr/lib/debug/lib/modules/<version_name>/vmlinux [LIVEPATCH]
[TRANSITION] [TAINTED]
This enhancement provides critical, at-a-glance information for
developers and administrators, allowing them to quickly ascertain if
ongoing livepatch activity might be influencing a system's behavior
during crash investigations. It directly leverages existing kernel
livepatch status infrastructure to enrich the crash utility's diagnostic
capabilities.
Signed-off-by: Motomasa Suzuki <suzuki.motomasa(a)fujitsu.com>
---
defs.h | 1 +
kernel.c | 53 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
2 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/defs.h b/defs.h
index ab4aee8..b459d4d 100644
--- a/defs.h
+++ b/defs.h
@@ -2280,6 +2280,7 @@ struct offset_table { /* stash of commonly-used offsets */
long bpf_ringbuf_map_rb;
long bpf_ringbuf_consumer_pos;
long bpf_ringbuf_nr_pages;
+ long klp_patch_list;
};
struct size_table { /* stash of commonly-used sizes */
diff --git a/kernel.c b/kernel.c
index 13f3374..1ca18e4 100644
--- a/kernel.c
+++ b/kernel.c
@@ -461,7 +461,10 @@ kernel_init()
error(WARNING,
"list_head.next offset: %ld: list command may fail\n",
OFFSET(list_head_next));
-
+ if (STRUCT_EXISTS("klp_patch")) {
+ if (MEMBER_EXISTS("klp_patch", "list"))
+ MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(klp_patch_list, "klp_patch", "list");
+ }
MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(hlist_node_next, "hlist_node", "next");
MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(hlist_node_pprev, "hlist_node", "pprev");
STRUCT_SIZE_INIT(hlist_head, "hlist_head");
@@ -5681,6 +5684,48 @@ is_livepatch(void)
return FALSE;
}
+#define KLP_PATCH_ITER_LIMIT 1024
+
+static int
+is_livepatch_transition(void)
+{
+ struct kernel_list_head head;
+ struct kernel_list_head node;
+ ulong transition_patch;
+ ulong list_addr;
+ ulong current;
+ ulong patch_addr;
+ int loops;
+
+ if (!try_get_symbol_data("klp_transition_patch", sizeof(ulong),
+ &transition_patch) || !transition_patch)
+ return FALSE;
+
+ if (!kernel_symbol_exists("klp_patches") || !VALID_MEMBER(klp_patch_list))
+ return FALSE;
+
+ list_addr = symbol_value("klp_patches");
+ if (!readmem(list_addr, KVADDR, &head, sizeof(head), "klp_patches",
+ RETURN_ON_ERROR | QUIET))
+ return FALSE;
+
+ for (current = (ulong)head.next, loops = 0;
+ current && current != list_addr && loops < KLP_PATCH_ITER_LIMIT;
+ current = (ulong)node.next, loops++) {
+
+ if (!readmem(list_addr, KVADDR, &head, sizeof(head),
+ "klp_patch list entry", RETURN_ON_ERROR | QUIET))
+ return FALSE;
+
+ patch_addr = current - (ulong)OFFSET(klp_patch_list);
+
+ if (patch_addr == transition_patch)
+ return TRUE;
+ }
+
+ return FALSE;
+}
+
/*
* Display system stats at init-time or for the sys command.
*/
@@ -5724,17 +5769,19 @@ display_sys_stats(void)
}
} else {
if (pc->system_map) {
- fprintf(fp, " SYSTEM MAP: %s%s%s\n", pc->system_map,
+ fprintf(fp, " SYSTEM MAP: %s%s%s%s\n", pc->system_map,
is_livepatch() ? " [LIVEPATCH]" : "",
+ is_livepatch_transition() ? " [TRANSITION]" : "",
is_kernel_tainted() ? " [TAINTED]" : "");
fprintf(fp, "DEBUG KERNEL: %s %s\n",
pc->namelist_orig ?
pc->namelist_orig : pc->namelist,
debug_kernel_version(pc->namelist));
} else
- fprintf(fp, " KERNEL: %s%s%s\n", pc->namelist_orig ?
+ fprintf(fp, " KERNEL: %s%s%s%s\n", pc->namelist_orig ?
pc->namelist_orig : pc->namelist,
is_livepatch() ? " [LIVEPATCH]" : "",
+ is_livepatch_transition() ? " [TRANSITION]" : "",
is_kernel_tainted() ? " [TAINTED]" : "");
}
--
2.47.3
6 months, 1 week
Best Pinterest Company Profile Design Ideas to Elevate Your Brand
by tinathomas27475050＠gmail.com
Best Pinterest Company Profile Design Ideas to Elevate Your Brand focus on creativity, clarity, and visual storytelling. A strong pinterest company profile design uses clean layouts, consistent colors, and engaging visuals to instantly capture attention. Pinterest users are inspired by aesthetics, so your profile should reflect your brand personality while staying professional. Thoughtful typography, branded graphics, and well-organized sections can make a big difference. At Logo Experts, we help brands turn inspiration into strategy through designs that truly connect. Working with businesses across the UAE, we understand how to balance modern trends with corporate identity, ensuring your company profile not only looks great but also builds trust and recognition.
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7 months, 3 weeks
Re: [PATCH v2] Resolve BLK_MQ_F_TAG_HCTX_SHARED at runtime
by Lianbo Jiang
Hi, Tao
Thank you for the update. For v2: Ack
Lianbo
On 12/15/25 5:59 AM, devel-request(a)lists.crash-utility.osci.io wrote:
> Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:49:30 +1300
> From: Tao Liu<ltao(a)redhat.com>
> Subject: [Crash-utility] [PATCH v2] Resolve BLK_MQ_F_TAG_HCTX_SHARED
> at runtime
> To:devel@lists.crash-utility.osci.io
> Cc: Tao Liu<ltao(a)redhat.com>
> Message-ID:<20251214214929.10250-2-ltao(a)redhat.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"; x-default=true
>
> Though upstream kernel have defined BLK_MQ_F_TAG_HCTX_SHARED
> as (1 << 3), the value might be set different, e.g. [1]. In
> this patch, we will use enumerator_value() to get its value
> at runtime, to make the code more adaptable.
>
> [1]:https://gitlab.com/redhat/centos-stream/src/kernel/centos-stream-8/-/b...
>
> Signed-off-by: Tao Liu<ltao(a)redhat.com>
> ---
> dev.c | 5 +++--
> 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/dev.c b/dev.c
> index 27318e8..1332b0e 100644
> --- a/dev.c
> +++ b/dev.c
> @@ -4326,11 +4326,11 @@ struct bt_iter_data {
> #define MQ_RQ_IN_FLIGHT 1
> #define REQ_OP_BITS 8
> #define REQ_OP_MASK ((1 << REQ_OP_BITS) - 1)
> -#define BLK_MQ_F_TAG_HCTX_SHARED (1 << 3)
> +static long blk_hctx_shared = 0;
>
> static bool blk_mq_is_shared_tags(unsigned int flags)
> {
> - return flags & BLK_MQ_F_TAG_HCTX_SHARED;
> + return flags & blk_hctx_shared;
> }
>
> static uint op_is_write(uint op)
> @@ -4952,6 +4952,7 @@ void diskio_init(void)
> MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(request_queue_tag_set, "request_queue", "tag_set");
> MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(blk_mq_tag_set_flags, "blk_mq_tag_set", "flags");
> MEMBER_OFFSET_INIT(blk_mq_tag_set_shared_tags, "blk_mq_tag_set", "shared_tags");
> + enumerator_value("BLK_MQ_F_TAG_HCTX_SHARED", &blk_hctx_shared);
>
> dt->flags |= DISKIO_INIT;
> }
> -- 2.47.0
7 months, 3 weeks
Re: [PATCH] bpf: improve for-loop when searching for used_maps
by Lianbo Jiang
Hi, Luis
Thank you for the patch. Ack.
Lianbo
On 12/23/25 9:45 AM, devel-request(a)lists.crash-utility.osci.io wrote:
> Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2025 08:13:50 -0000
> From: "Luis Galdos"<luis.galdos(a)suse.com>
> Subject: [Crash-utility] [PATCH] bpf: improve for-loop when searching
> for used_maps
> To:devel@lists.crash-utility.osci.io
> Message-ID:<20251217081350.9702.15487(a)lists.crash-utility.osci.io>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> As the list bpf->maplist contains unique pointers, break when a
> map is found.
>
> Signed-off-by: Luis Galdos<luis.galdos(a)suse.com>
> ---
> bpf.c | 1 +
> 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
>
> diff --git a/bpf.c b/bpf.c
> index 9b99e23..2840c7d 100644
> --- a/bpf.c
> +++ b/bpf.c
> @@ -880,6 +880,7 @@ bpf_prog_used_maps(int idx, char *retbuf)
> sprintf(&retbuf[strlen(retbuf)], "%s%ld",
> strlen(retbuf) ? "," : "",
> bpf->maplist[m].index);
> + break;
> }
> }
> }
> -- 2.52.0
7 months, 3 weeks
[Extension] Request to add new extension to Crash Extension Modules page: crash-plugins
by baifaqingsi＠gmail.com
Dear Crash Utility Maintainers,
I hope this email finds you well. I am writing to submit a new extension module for inclusion on the Crash Extension Modules page. Below, I have provided the necessary details for your consideration.
Extension Name: crash-plugins
Commands: This module includes over 40 commands, covering a diverse range of functionalities such as:
- Memory Management: slub, buddy, cma, memblock, vmalloc, reserved, zram, swap, dmabuf, pageowner, pagecache, meminfo
- Process & Scheduling: procrank, sched, binder
- Device & Drivers: dd, dts, regulator, icc, ccf, thermal, cpu, watchdog
- Debugging & Logging: rtb, pstore, qlog, ipc, dbi(uwind stack), ftrace, systemd
- Utilities: workqueue, coredump, env, t32, lockdep, iommu
- Android Userspace: property, logcat, surfaceflinger
Functionality: This extension provides a comprehensive collection of crash-utility plugins for analyzing Linux kernel crash dumps, covering both kernel space and user space debugging. These plugins significantly enhance debugging efficiency.
Build: The build system supports two modes:
- Single-module mode (recommended): All plugins compiled into one `plugins.so`
- Multi-module mode: Each plugin compiled as a separate `.so` file
Build steps:
# Install dependencies
sudo apt-get install cmake gcc-multilib g++-multilib \
libzstd-dev libzstd-dev:i386 \
libelf-dev libelf-dev:i386 \
libsystemd-dev libsystemd-dev:i386 \
pkg-config
# Quick Build
./build.sh
Loading Method:
crash> extend <path-to>/output/arm64/plugins.so
GitHub: https://github.com/quic/crash-plugins
Requirements:
- crash-utility version >= 8.0.6
- CMake >= 3.21.1
- Supported architectures: ARM64, ARM32
- Tested kernel versions: 5.4 to 6.6
- Android versions: 11 (API 30) to 14 (API 34)
Author: wya(a)qti.qualcomm.com, chahuan(a)qti.qualcomm.com
As specified in the extension guidelines, please add this module to the Crash Extension Modules page. This extension will be actively maintained with regular updates to ensure compatibility with new kernel versions and additional feature enhancements.
Please let me know if any additional information is needed. Thank you very much for your consideration!
7 months, 3 weeks
Thinking About Paying Someone to Do Your Dissertation? Read This First
by Richard Earl
There were nights I stayed up at the kitchen table, my laptop open, surrounded by stacks of books, while my parents quietly left snacks for me and whispered words of encouragement. I felt their sacrifices weighing on my shoulders, and the thought of falling behind made me anxious. At one point, I searched “Pay for Dissertation” in desperation, but I knew I didn’t want to compromise my integrity. Turning to Dissertation Help Services instead gave me guidance and feedback, helping me structure my research and write confidently. Knowing my family’s support and my own effort mattered kept me going.
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7 months, 4 weeks
unilever supply chain issues
by stivejoy373＠gmail.com
I've always struggled with managing multiple deadlines, so I eventually turned to Native Assignment Help just to survive the workload. I didn t expect it to make such a huge difference, but it honestly did. They helped me get my workload under control and, for the first time, actually understand what each assignment was asking for. Later, when my coursework started getting tougher, I needed support understanding unilever supply chain issues, including sustainability challenges, supplier coordination, global sourcing risks, and how disruptions impact production and distribution, and it honestly became a complete lifesaver.
visit: https://www.nativeassignmenthelp.co.uk/contemporary-business-environment-...
8 months
